AI Agent vs MCP Server
Introduction
Agentic Systems landscape is evolving rapidly, understanding the distinction between AI Agents and MCP Servers is crucial for building scalable agentic systems. While MCP Servers provide a standardized interface for tools and data sources, AI Agents leverage these capabilities to perform complex reasoning, planning, and execution tasks.
MCP
MCP (Model Context Protocol) provides a standardized interface for LLMs to access tools and data sources.
Agent
- Agents are systems that use LLM-based reasoning to plan and take actions—including invoking MCP tools when needed.
- Agents can handle complex tasks that could require multiple MCP tools and are capable of maintaining both short-term and long-term memory.
- Agents encapsulate more than simple tool calls to MCP servers, providing an additional abstraction layer.
Agent Composition & Capabilities
- Tool Pruning: Optimizes the toolset for efficiency and relevance, including filtering tools from large MCP servers (with optional RAG for selection).
- Long-term and short-term memory management: Agents utilize short-term memory for session-specific context and long-term memory for cross-session data recall.
- Agent Registry: Manages agent versions and configurations.
- Prompty Library: Provides a versioned repository for managing and evaluating prompts.
- MCP Registry: Handles MCP server versions and configurations.
- Maintain Conversation Context: Preserves conversation history within a thread for more effective LLM reasoning and action.
- Prompt Engineering: Shapes agent behavior with well-designed system prompts.
- Evaluation: Validates agent actions using standardized rubrics and tool trajectory audits.
- Flexible LLM Bindings: Supports various LLM providers (e.g., GPT, Claude, Mistral).
This architecture makes agents composable, validated black-box units that can be reused across multi-agent systems and different personas.
Note: Agents built in AI Platform Engineering project are exposed via the A2A protocol, standardizing external I/O and providing authentication and authorization support.